The internet has evolved significantly since its inception, spawning the creation of global protocols, frameworks, and new classifications of developers. This has resulted in centralization difficulties, unnecessary complexities, and diminished quality standards loaded with vulnerabilities. The Nexus Tritium, Amine, and Obsidian (TAO) Framework will uproot these historic flaws by recomposing digital relationships. This article provides an overview of the TAO Framework, recent Application Programming Interface (API) improvements, and associated benefits.
As a new era emerges, many platforms are driving excessive emphasis on blockchain. It is often described as an exclusive magical technology, motivated primarily by value speculation. This dilemma is similar to the internet’s, causing decelerated adoption and crippling costs while enabling proprietary industries to exploit deficiencies (i.e. Hardware Wallets, Patented Products, etc.).
TAO Framework
Nexus views the blockchain as a foundational element of a larger framework. The TAO Framework, named after the three phases of deployment, utilizes a seven-layered software stack powering a register-based process virtual machine. It is designed to deliver a diverse range of outcomes simplistically and effectively. The stack layers and descriptions are reflected below with the “Ledger” being the Three Dimensional Chain (3DC).
Inspired by the Open Systems Interconnect (OSI) model, the design provides a scalable foundation with provable security properties. It abstracts the developer away from the blockchain, being valuable as a development framework even for conventional applications (Apps).
Lower Level Library (LLL)
The Lower Level Library (LLL) is the foundation for the framework and interwoven throughout each layer to improve performance, extensibility, and reliability. Architecturally, it is an interchangeable construct requiring development of templates and modules for specific functions. The LLL-TAO or TAO Framework is a series of LLL templates and data models accessible through a JSON-based API, allowing any type of developer to improve their application’s security, scalability, and robustness.
The LLL contains three main components: Cryptography (LLC), Database (LLD), and Protocol (LLP). There are several representations of LLD in the stack; Ledger, Register, Operations, and API. The LLC is primarily applied at the Ledger layer although it can be implemented elsewhere. As a component of the Network Layer, the LLP is designed to be a light, fast protocol that allows a developer to customize their packet design and message interpretation.
TAO Use Cases
For most businesses and organizations, technology transformations translate to delivering customer value expeditiously and effectively. Typically, security considerations are an afterthought due to their invasive nature, high costs, and latency, especially with regard to user experience. Rapid yet tightly budgeted development is key to deploying on-demand services and applications with limitless scaling capabilities.
To unlock this value while incorporating the necessary security for compliance obligations is an enormous undertaking. Included below are use cases and benefits that can be achieved.
- Cost effective secure Software Development Lifecycle (SDLC)
- Identity, privacy, and elevated security solutions
- Authentication, authorization, and rights deployment
- Continuous deployments and integrations
- Consistent instruction sets for provisioning
- Multi-language application support
- Dynamic scaling characteristics
- Quickly build and iterate
The remaining sections highlight three new API methods, including basic use case examples.
Users API
The race to standardize the identity industry has led to a wide range of protocol implementations. For instance, OAUTH2, SAML2, OpenID, and many other authentication options are just scratching the surface. In a previous article, Decentralized Identity (DID), we discussed the risks and implications involving centralized credential systems, and solutions being created using Nexus.
Currently, blockchain authentication relies on at least 256 bits of entropy and disciplined management practices to prevent disastrous consequences. A recent study has shown that over 20% of Bitcoins have been lost since the network was launched. Fortunately, the days of losing blockchain access via cryptographic compromise and private key mismanagement are finally over.
The User API is synonymous with Signature Chains (SigChains) that provide a familiar authentication mechanism with elevated security while removing the burdens of private key management. SigChains enable the use of cryptographic techniques to authenticate users into a system removing the need for various protocols and third-party products. When the API generates a DID, the genesis identifier creates a unique hash of this username defined on blockchain. The below table outlines the methods currently available for the User API.
Crypto API
The Crypto API provides the ability to manage public-private key pairs, encrypt/decrypt data, and the associated public key hashes. These are held in the SigChain crypto object register that can be used internally and externally by third-parties. The nine named keys in the crypto object register are: auth, lisp, network, sign, verify, cert, app1, app2, and app3. This register is generated automatically as part of the genesis transaction when a SigChain is created via the User API.
Each entry in the crypto register is a 256-bit hash of the public key for an asymmetric key pair. The scheme used to create the key pairs is configurable, supporting both Brainpool and FALCON. This API provides numerous options for secure development of Apps and DApps alike. Additionally, third-party plug-ins, modules, and products are rendered unnecessary using SigChain capabilities.
As a use case example, a practitioner provides a medical scan to a patient in a PDF. A hash of the data can be associated with a SigChain pointing to the original file. This association provides unequivocal proof of ownership when linked to the DID. However, this could be susceptible to attacks if copied and another asset linking on blockchain is created. To mitigate, the timestamp and nonce from the rightful owner must be verified, preventing document forgery. The following table includes the Crypto API methods:
P2P API
The Peer-to-Peer (P2P) API allows for encrypted and authenticated end-to-end communications between users or DApps. By utilizing a username or genesis ID, a self-signed certificate, authenticated by the Crypto object register, can be used to open a secured connection directly to a node. This negates the need for a Certificate Authority (CA) to combat Man-in-the-Middle (MITM) attacks. A role usually reserved for secure proxies or advanced firewalls, can now be achieved with the TAO Framework. Additionally, this API also provides the ability to transmit encrypted data on the network.
The P2P connection request contains the Internet Protocol (IP) address of the sender and is broadcast over the network to locate the authenticated peer. If the connection request is accepted, a socket will be opened. Due to the nature of the connection, a requesting node must be internet-accessible from the peer with a public IP address or have port forwarding enabled on the Internet Service Provider (ISP) router. This is a short-term requirement until the Location Identifier Separation Protocol (LISP) and Re-encapsulating Tunnel Router (RTR) have completed development. Included below are the API methods:
The Nexus TAO Framework is an indispensable architecture for all types of developers, from blockchain DApp creators, to traditional web designers and beyond. It is important to remember that all sessions are authenticated, enabling user control and traceability, thus eliminating systemic problems inherent to the internet. This cultivates designs that can effectively eradicate spoofing, snooping, and other risks commonly associated with the interconnected world of today.
Featured image: Nexus Blockchain
Disclaimer
Statements & Policies
Summary of Disclosures
By accessing CryptoCurrencyNews.com (hereinafter referred to as “this website”) you hereby affirmatively represent to Market Jar Media Inc. (“Market Jar”) that you have read and understood the entirety of the following statements and policies
If you do not agree to these Statements & Policies, you may not use the CryptoCurrencyNews.com website and affirmatively acknowledge that you have not used or viewed content on the CryptoCurrencyNews.com website
Market Jar is neither an investment advisor nor broker-dealer. The information presented on the CryptoCurrencyNews.com website is provided for informative purposes only and is not to be treated as a recommendation to make any specific investment. No such information on CryptoCurrencyNews.com constitutes advice easeor a recommendation.
The opinions and analyses included in this website are based on factual information obtained from public filings and other sources deemed to be reliable and are provided “as is” in good faith. Market Jar makes no representation or warranty, expressed, implied or statutory, as to the accuracy or completeness of such information, which may be subject to change without notice.
Safe Harbor Statement
This website contains forward-looking statements applicable to future anticipated performance, growth, and plans of the companies on whose behalf we disseminate information. As such, any specific statement on this website that are not statements of factual history should be viewed as forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements can be generally identified through phrases such as “possibly”, “anticipates”, “estimates”, “potentially”, “intends”, and other words of similar connotation. Statements in this website that speak to a company’s business intentions, objectives, strategies, and or intentions should also be viewed as forward-looking statements. All forward-looking statements are subject to uncertainties that could result in different outcomes than those described in forward-looking statements.
Terms of Use
By accessing this website, you indicate your agreement to these Statements & Policies. You affirmatively represent that you have read and understood the entirety of the following Statements & Policies. We reserve the right, at our discretion, to change, modify, and add or delete portions of such Statements & Policies at any time.
Copyright
The entire contents of this site are protected by worldwide copyright laws and treaty provisions. The contents of this website are for non-commercial individual reference only and may not be used for other purposes or otherwise copied, displayed, downloaded, distributed, modified, reproduced, republished or retransmitted without the express written consent of Market Jar.
Information subject to change
Information on this website is updated regularly by Market Jar without notice. However, the information is not intended to be complete and cover all matters and developments concerning the company and its activities and the company cannot guarantee either the currency or completeness of the information at all times and assumes no responsibility in this regard.
Price quotes
All stock quotes are delayed at least 15 minutes unless otherwise noted. All stock quotes or cryptocurrency price quotes (collectively “Quotes”) and historical price data are provided by a third party service provider and are provided for information purposes only and not for trading purposes. Market Jar makes no representation or warranty regarding the accuracy or completeness of any Quotes or historical price data and has not verified the adequacy, accuracy or completeness of the information provided on this website. We strongly recommend that you seek independent professional advice before investing in any companies, stock or cryptocurrency mentioned in the articles on the website.
Notice to investors
The information on this website is not intended as a solicitation for funds or an offering of securities and should not be construed or interpreted as such. The information on this website is not intended to modify, qualify, supplement or amend information disclosed under applicable securities legislation of the U.S. or Canada. No securities commission or other regulatory authority in either the U.S. or Canada has in any way passed upon the information on this website and Market Jar makes no representation or warranty to that effect.
Social Media Terms of Use/ Disclaimer
Market Jar supports the use of social media, however any third party content posted through social media channels maintained by us should not be taken as an endorsement of such information. Links to websites and other resources operated by third parties (“Third Party Information”) other than Market Jar are provided solely as a convenience to the user. We do not control such Third Party Information and are not responsible and disclaim any liability for the content, products, services or information offered by any third parties. The inclusion of links to such Third Party Information on the page does not imply endorsement of any content, products or services offered, advertised, endorsed or promoted by any third party, or of any company or person. If you decide to access any Third Party Information or acquire any third party products or services, you do so entirely at your own risk, and you may be subject to the terms and conditions and the privacy policies imposed by such third parties. Third party sources generally state that the information contained therein has been obtained from sources believed to be reliable, but there can be no assurance as to the accuracy or completeness of included information. Although believed to be reliable, management of Market Jar has not independently verified any of the data from third party sources.
Ownership and Interests
Cryptocurrencynews.com is owned by Market Jar. Market Jar, and its directors and officers do not own any of the cryptocurrencies or tokens mentioned in this article.
Amounts Paid To Market Jar Media Inc.
Market Jar Media Inc. has or expects to receive the following amounts indirectly from the issuer’s set forth below.
Sponsored Posts = $197 USD
Press Release = $197 USD
Amounts noted above were received or expected to be received directly from Market Jar Media Inc., which was directly engaged by the issuers set forth above.
Disclaimer
Neither Market Jar nor its owners, members, officers, directors, partners, consultants, nor anyone involved in the publication of this website, is a registered investment advisor or broker-dealer or associated person with a registered investment advisor or broker-dealer and none of the foregoing make any recommendation that the purchase or sale of securities of any company or any cryptocurrency on the CryptoCurrencyNews.com website is suitable or advisable for any person or that an investment or transaction in such securities will be profitable. Therefore, information on this website is not intended to be, and shall not substitute, an offer to sell nor the solicitation of any offer to buy any security.
The opinions and analysis included in this website related to the profiled companies represent the personal and subjective views of the author of the articles, and are subject to change at any time without notice. The information provided in the articles on the website and the content has been obtained from sources which the authors believe to be reliable. However, the authors have not independently verified or otherwise investigated all such information. None of the authors, Market Jar, Market Jar Media Inc., or any of their respective affiliates, guarantee the accuracy or completeness of any such information. The opinion, analysis, articles and content are not, and should not be regarded as investment advice or as a recommendation regarding any particular security or course of action; readers are strongly urged to speak with their own investment advisor and review all of the profiled issuer’s filings made with the Securities and Exchange Commission, the Canadian security regulatory authorities, or any other regulatory authority before making any investment decisions and should understand the risks associated with an investment in the profiled issuer’s securities, including, but not limited to, the complete loss of your investment.
Information obtained from public filings and other sources are deemed reliable; however, Market Jar take no responsibility for verifying the accuracy of such information and makes no representation that such information is complete and correct. Market Jar makes no representation or guarantee that any forward-looking statements will prove to be accurate. Persons using the CryptoCurrencyNews.com website are encouraged to consult with independent financial advisors with respect to an investment in any company profiled in the website. Investors should therefore verify independently information provided in the CryptoCurrencyNews.com website by completing their due diligence on any company in which their clients are contemplating an investment. Such information to be reviewed could include the company’s annual reports, regulatory filings, and press releases on the sec.gov or www.sedar.com website or directly from the issuer.
Risk Warnings
The content published on this website is intended for and only to be used for reference purposes and is neither an offer nor a solicitation to purchase or sell any security or instrument or to participate in any particular trading strategy. No such information provided through the CryptoCurrencyNews.com website constitutes advice or a recommendation that any investment or trading strategy is suitable for any specific person. Users of this website agree that they are not using any content of this website in connection with an investment decision.
THERE CAN BE NO ASSURANCE THAT CONTENTS PUBLISHED ON CRYPTOCURRENCYNEWS.COM IS ACCURATE OR WITHOUT ERROR. ANY PERSON WHO MAKES USE OF SUCH CONTENT AFFIRMATIVELY ASSUMES ALL RISKS FROM USING THE CONTENT. CryptoCurrencyNews.com does not guarantee it reviews, and is not responsible for confirming the accuracy of information submitted for inclusion on this site. INVESTORS ARE STRONGLY ADVISED TO CONFIRM THE ACCURACY OF ANY INFORMATION OBTAINED FROM THIS SITE PRIOR TO MAKING ANY INVESTMENT DECISION.
OTC Risk Warnings
Because many securities traded Over-The-Counter (OTC) are relatively illiquid, or “thinly traded,” which tends to increase volatility in market prices, an investment in an OTC security involves a high degree of risk. These speculative and illiquid securities are often difficult for investors to buy or sell without significantly affecting the quoted price. It should be noted that the liquidation of a position in an OTC security may not even be possible within a reasonable period of time.
Dependable information regarding issuers of OTC securities, their prospects, or the risks associated with the business of any particular issuer or an investment in the issuer’s securities may not be available. For this reason, it may be difficult to properly value an investment in an OTC security or accurately determine the risks involved with investing in such a security. For more information about investing in microcap securities, please read the content on the SEC’s website, including the SEC’s investor publication titled “Microcap Stock: A Guide for Investors” available at https://www.sec.gov/investor/pubs/microcapstock.htm.
Issuers of OTC securities quoted on the OTC Link system are not required to provide any kind of information to investors. While many issuers register OTC securities with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) and regularly provide reports to investors in connection with such registration, they are not required to continue such registration or regularly provide such reports because their securities are quoted on OTC Link. Securities may continue to be quoted on the OTC Link system if issuers are delinquent in their reporting obligation to the SEC or other federal or state regulatory agencies. Quotation of a security on the OTC Link system does not in itself create any ongoing filing or reporting obligations with the SEC for any issuer. In fact, issuers may not even be aware that their securities are quoted on the OTC Link system.
The information on this website has been prepared for information purposes only and does not constitute an offer to sell or trade, a solicitation to buy, or recommendation for any security, cryptocurrency, ICO or related product, nor does it constitute an offer to provide investment advice or other related services by Market Jar Media Inc., or any of its principals, agents, owners, members or anyone else affiliated with the company, either expressly or indirectly. In preparing the information contained on this website, no individual financial or investment needs of the recipient have been taken into account nor is any financial or investment advice being offered. Any views expressed in on this website were prepared based upon the information available at the time such views were written. Changed or additional information could cause such views to change and Market Jar is under no obligation to provide notice of such information or update such views.
